Natural History Museums originated more than 200 years ago, when the western countries were in an era of exploration. At that time, Museums provided crucial services to the economy of the western countries, and also a fundamental cultural value, by justifying the expeditions to distant lands, and obtaining specimens. Today, what is the value of museums? I would like to explore this question. Why should we care about a museum displaying and studying the bones of extinct or exotic species? I will describe in what manner being aware of Natural History is crucial to a modern society. I will talk about the role of museums in helping to shape culture, but also of their role in the economy, health and even security.